Materi Mata Kuliah Filsafat Pendidikan

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Pertemuan 1

Overview Filsafat Pendidikan


Pertemuan 2

Perkembangan Pemikiran Filsafat Pendidikan


Pertemuan 3

Ontologi, Epistemologi, dan Aksiologi dalam Pendidikan


Pertemuan 4

Idealisme dalam Pendidikan


Pertemuan 5

Realisme dalam Pendidikan


Pertemuan 6

Pragmatisme dalam Pendidikan


Pertemuan 7

Eksistensialisme dalam Pendidikan


Pertemuan 8

Perenialisme dan Esensialisem dalam Pendidikan


TUGAS PRAKTEK

Pertemuan 9

Filsafat Pendidikan di Indonesia


Pertemuan 10

Etika dan Pendidikan


Pertemuan 11

Filsafat Pendidikan dan Metode Pengajaran di SD


Pertemuan 12

Pendidikan Karakter dalam perspektif Filsafat


Pertemuan 13

Tantangan Pendidikan Modern dan Peran Filsafat


Pertemuan 14

Refleksi dan Aplikasi Filsafat Pendidikan di SD


Lainnya

Bukti Perkuliahan


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Baca Juga:  Filsafat Pendidikan di Indonesia

This Post Has 204 Comments

  1. Adverse effects of AAS embody cardiovascular, endocrine, neuropsychiatric and dermatological issues.
    Anabolic androgenic steroids intake can result in suppressing gonadotropins, resulting in reduced sperm
    focus, testicular dysfunction and hypogonadism, which may result in decreased libido
    and erectile dysfunction. Anabolic steroids carry numerous unwanted facet effects both
    within the quick time period and long run.
    In a cross-sectional examine, Di Bello and colleagues (1999) carried out videodensitometry measures on 10
    weightlifters reporting AAS use (mean [SD] age 32.6 [5.3] years), together with age-matched teams
    of 10 non-AAS-using weightlifters and 10
    non-athletic controls. The AAS customers were required to be currently abstinent from AAS, but to have used a minimal of 4 “cycles” inside the past
    12 months; the authors state that “cycles” every lasted sometimes 10 weeks, with 4-6 weeks of abstinence in between. The authors speculate that these
    findings may reflect focal will increase in myocardial collagen as a reparative mechanism against myocardial mobile harm
    within the AAS users – a probably irreversible effect.
    Most individuals with current or past AAS use are young men (Brower, 2002; Kutscher et al., 2002; Pope and Brower, 2005),
    but some – particularly those that first started AAS within the 1980s – are actually reaching middle
    age.
    Screening for and treating behavioral issues are of importance given AAS alone has the potential to trigger these issues.
    In rare situations patients have taken high-dose DAs for greater than several years, a screening TTE is affordable to exclude
    valvulopathy. Screening for hypertension and ECG testing must be carried out in all
    patients using these agents. TSH stage with reflexive free T4 and total T3 ranges
    ought to be obtained in patients using thyroid hormone
    as a PED.
    As 5α-reduction occurs readily in androgenic tissue however is negligible in skeletal
    muscle, this explains why 19-nortestosterone has
    a larger myotrophic-to-androgenic ratio in comparison with testosterone (Figure 6).
    For example, kind 2 5α-reductase seems not to be
    necessary for the sebaceous gland response to androgens and the
    event of zits, however it is now recognized that the principal isoenzyme on this gland is the kind 1 form (Thiboutot
    et al., 1995; Sato et al., 1998). This means that further work
    at the molecular level is required to better understand the action of androgens on sebaceous gland operate.
    Androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS) are artificial derivatives of
    the male hormone testosterone. They can exert strong effects on the human body that might
    be beneficial for athletic performance. A review of the literature revealed that nearly all
    laboratory research did not examine the precise doses of AAS at present abused
    in the area. Therefore, these studies may not mirror the precise (adverse)
    results of steroids.
    This may be possible in choose cases which demonstrate biochemical proof of primary hypogonadism (elevated gonadotropin levels with low testosterone levels),
    however evidence is lacking. Testosterone is available for prescription use and most physicians who look after the suitable patient inhabitants are capable
    of oversee its utilization [2]. There is drastically increased difficulty
    for physicians when dealing with different anabolic steroids since almost all
    of them aren’t sanctioned for medical purposes and even human use.
    Nevertheless, there’s a giant rising population who has used
    or continues to use these brokers. This creates the necessity for a greater
    understanding of those drugs, particularly in the context of screening for adverse well being results.

    Six of eight websites (75%) provided no less than one postcycle restoration agent
    with commonly provided choices together with gonadotropins,
    serum estrogen receptor modulators, and aromatase inhibitors
    (Table 2). Five of eight (62%) of websites supplied no much less than one ED medication, often phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors,
    but one site (anabolics-supplementary.com) also offered
    intracavernosal injection therapy. As a primary goal of the examine, every
    site was individually evaluated for the supply of AAS and stratified by type(s) of
    testosterone preparations, synthetic AAS, non-AAS hormone therapies,
    postcycle restoration agents, erectile dysfunction (ED) drugs, and non-AAS dietary supplements.

    Artificial AAS inside the current search had been outlined as artificial derivatives of
    medically synthesized testosterone and different anabolic hormone preparations to optimize
    androgenic results. Non-AAS hormone therapies had been outlined as
    those brokers commonly used at the facet of AAS to intensify the anabolic effects but minimize
    toxicity.
    Different reports in literature have also documented peliosis hepatis (102,
    103), hepatocellular carcinoma (104) and adenoma (105, 106) in association with AAS use.
    The incidence might be (very) low and a agency causal link has not been established.
    You ought to have common appointments together with your
    healthcare supplier when taking an anabolic steroid to assess how nicely it’s working.
    Opposite to the expectations firstly of the remedy, the patient’s situation did not
    improve, and therefore he underwent a pre-transplant research, as a outcome
    of unpredictability of the medical course. The content material published in Cureus is the
    result of scientific expertise and/or research by independent people or
    organizations.
    In addition, individuals who inject AAS run the added risk of contracting or
    transmitting HIV/AIDS or hepatitis, which causes critical injury to the liver.
    There is no scientific evidence that any of these practices
    reduce the harmful medical consequences of these drugs. Some
    individuals use AASs illegally to boost muscle dimension, power, and stamina or cut back the time it takes to recuperate between workout routines.

    Her serum testosterone ranges decreased at 16 weeks after the discontinuation of AAS.
    In addition, the abuse of AASs ends in structural and practical changes in sperm, a reduction in testicular
    volume, gynecomastia, clitoromegaly, menstrual irregularities,
    and subfertility14. Aberrant expression of quite a few
    miRNAs was reported related to completely different reproductive system diseases.

    Some T-boosters also include fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum-graecum;
    Fabaceae), a spice that also contains saponins, diosgenin, and yamogenin [1,99,100].

    A considerable number of (former) AAS abusers in search of assist have mental issues.

    Havnes et al. showed that psychological issues such as depression, nervousness, behavioural change and AAS dependence are
    reported much more incessantly than bodily issues (20).

    By the affected person, these symptoms are largely attributed to hormonal disturbances corresponding to testosterone deficiency,
    but this may not always be the case. It
    may be quite revealing to ask why a muscular physique is so essential for the patient and why
    he is even prepared to make use of medication for it.
    It may be of help to explore whether or not there’s a low
    vanity or a distorted self-image that needs to be addressed.

    References:

    Συγκριτική ανάλυση πριν και μετά από το Anavar

  2. HGH Dosage Adjustment

    Understanding the science behind anabolic steroids, their benefits,
    and their potential unwanted effects is essential for making informed selections.
    Dispelling widespread misconceptions and recognizing the numerous legal statuses worldwide further highlights the complexity of steroid use.
    Testosterone plays a pivotal position in regulating a number of physiological processes, including muscle
    protein synthesis, purple blood cell manufacturing, and nitrogen retention.
    Anabolic steroids mimic these effects by binding to androgen receptors in muscle and bone tissue.
    In phrases of body composition, anabolic steroids can help people enhance lean muscle mass and cut
    back physique fat. Nevertheless, this could lead to an imbalance,
    resulting in an extreme amount of muscle mass and a decreased amount
    of body fats.
    This cardiovascular side impact is particularly notable
    on Winstrol due to it being an oral steroid and thus hepatic lipase being stimulated in the
    liver, which can trigger additional reductions in HDL
    cholesterol. However, it remains an FDA-approved drugs for the therapy of hereditary angioedema because of its capability to extend C1 esterase
    inhibitor (C1INH) and C4 proteins (1). Patients, nonetheless, are positioned on the lowest potential efficient dose,
    which is indicative of Winstrol’s poisonous nature. Sadly, analysis analyzing the consequences of steroid use
    is restricted as a result of reluctance of some institutional review boards to
    approve anabolic steroid use on a non-clinical inhabitants.

    One of the primary reasons for using anabolic steroids is
    to enhance athletic efficiency. These substances increase muscle mass, strength,
    and endurance, permitting athletes to train tougher and longer.
    Studies have proven that steroid use can increase lean physique mass
    by 5-20% and power by 2-5%. This provides athletes a competitive edge over their opponents, leading to improved performance on the field or in the fitness center.
    Primobolan reveals a robust anabolic impact, which is the primary purpose it is utilized by athletes and bodybuilders.
    This means it stimulates protein synthesis in muscle cells, leading to
    increased muscle mass and strength. The anabolic properties are largely due to its capability to bind to androgen receptors in muscle tissue, promoting
    muscle growth and recovery.
    For performance-enhancing purposes, athletes ought to focus on pure training strategies, correct diet, and legal supplements to reinforce their efficiency with out resorting to unlawful
    and unethical means. When it involves the use of steroids, there are necessary authorized and ethical concerns that must be taken into consideration. Steroids,
    each anabolic and corticosteroids, are generally used for medical functions similar to treating
    hormonal imbalances, muscle losing ailments, and irritation. Nevertheless, they’re additionally extensively misused
    for performance-enhancing purposes, which raises vital authorized
    and moral considerations. It can be necessary to
    think about the authorized implications of utilizing steroids.
    In many countries, the use of steroids for non-medical purposes is unlawful, and people found to be in possession of these substances can face severe
    legal penalties.
    This permits a really excessive quantity of Anadrol to remain energetic within the bloodstream
    when taken orally. Nevertheless, these outcomes are
    based mostly on excessive doses for excessive periods of
    time; thus, outcomes for a bodybuilder might be slightly less, assuming a shorter cycle and a more cautious dose.

    The information and materials contained on this web site
    are not supposed to represent a comprehensive information concerning
    all elements of the remedy, product or treatment described on the website.
    The State of Victoria and the Division of Well Being shall not bear any liability
    for reliance by any person on the supplies contained on this website.
    When some athletes achieve an edge through the use of steroids, it undermines the values of onerous work, dedication, and pure expertise.
    Furthermore, using steroids can distort self-image, contributing to physique dysmorphic
    dysfunction.
    This spike in vascularity is as a end result of of
    Dianabol’s vasodilation effect, where blood vessels dilate and become larger in size, thus being positioned nearer to the floor of the
    pores and skin. In comparison, whole testosterone by
    itself has no influence on body composition; nevertheless,
    both of those readings will rise considerably when taking Dianabol.
    If an individual is found selling steroids, the
    utmost punishment is 5 years in prison and a $250,000 fantastic.

    Some AASs solely have medicinal uses, similar
    to testosterone undecanoate (Nebido). Oxymetholone (Anadrol) is an instance of
    a steroid with both medicinal and efficiency uses. Dr. O’Connor also co-authored the largest survey on anabolic steroid use,
    involving 2,385 males, revealed within the peer-reviewed American Journal of Men’s Well Being.

    To assist keep away from low testosterone because of Deca-Durabolin’s suppressive results,
    embody exogenous testosterone in your cycle and full PCT post-cycle.
    Eat a healthy diet low in carbs and sodium to avoid
    hypertension and maintain cholesterol in verify.
    Deca will increase purple blood cell rely and oxygen-transporting hemoglobin while
    selling protein synthesis. These activities combine to make
    Deca a strong lean muscle builder – even if not one of the
    potent bulking steroids available. Muscle positive
    aspects with the slow-acting Nandrolone decanoate take time to
    develop, and users shouldn’t anticipate notable positive aspects throughout the first weeks of a
    cycle. A cycle length of at least 12 weeks is required to get the utmost profit from this steroid.

    Nandrolone is carries an anabolic score that’s barely higher than testosterone, however possess
    a much lower androgenic ranking. Its androgenic ranking is a mere 37 with testosterone’s score being
    a hundred. The decreased androgenic score is due to Nandrolone’s ability to cut back to dihydronandrolone (DHN) somewhat than dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
    This makes Nandrolone one of the most nicely tolerated
    anabolic steroids for adult men.

    References:

    HGH Dosage Adjustment

  3. This substance was added to the doping record forward
    of the Seoul 1988 Olympic Games. This substance was first listed
    within the IOC doping listing on 31 January 1999 as an anabolic
    steroid. If you inject anabolic steroids and
    share a needle with others, you are at nice danger of getting
    HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. People who become depending on anabolic steroids
    can even have withdrawal symptoms if they stop taking them.
    Without the drug of their system, they might really
    feel drained and stressed, stop consuming and sleeping, lose their intercourse drive,
    and crave the drug. Docs prescribe corticosteroids much more often than anabolic steroids.

    Tetrahydrogestrinone is a banned steroid which had been tweaked by chemists to make it undetectable by regular dope exams.
    Tetrahydrogestrinone is a so-called “designer steroid” that
    had been previously undetected by drug tests.

    Steroids construct muscle mass and permit athletes to train longer and more durable.

    Primo is named one of many least impactful Steroids known to man and has
    typically been in comparison with Anavar (Oxandrolone) in phrases of unwanted effects.
    Positive, Primo does have unwanted aspect effects like hair loss, testosterone shutdown, and so
    forth, however it’s far less unhealthy than different injectable
    Steroids. Due to its gentle nature, Anavar is usually used alongside different steroids.
    It’s a well-liked selection in the safest steroid cycle
    as a end result of it’s generally known as a steroid with
    the least Trenbolone Side Effects Explained effects.
    Being an oral steroid, Anavar is 17-Alpha Alkylated, which means
    it’s bioactive when taken by mouth.
    The Hershberger Assay was put into place within the 1960’s to solve this downside.

    After administration of the steroid being tested,
    numerous body parts and muscle tissue of a rat can be analyzed.
    Since testosterone was considered the usual for testing, the tissues would be in comparison with tissues that have
    been exposed to testosterone. The levator ani is a muscle in rats that management the movement of the rail.

    These can include heart and blood vessels issues, liver disease, reproductive organ injury and extreme mood swings.

    Anabolic steroids are efficiency enhancing medicine (PEDs) which are generally utilized by bodybuilders for extreme muscle
    development. Amongst AAS users there’s the idea that AAS may cause gynecomastia by way of alternative pathways, corresponding to elevated progestin motion on the mammary glands or elevated prolactin ranges.
    Whereas gynecomastia can develop in patients with hyperprolactinemia, the
    situation arises secondary to the gonadotropin suppression prolactin can cause (203).
    Such practice should be discouraged as a end result of it is illogical and
    produces attainable unwanted effects similar to cardiac abnormalities or arrhythmia.

    An autopsy also found that his coronary heart and liver weighed twice as a lot as the average person’s.
    Rich’s dying is not immediately due to Steroid abuse,
    however the two are strongly correlated with each other.
    Our mission is to develop a group of individuals who attempt to make joyful life.

    Shopping For in bulk will save you cash and ensure you will not have
    to worry about working out and being tempted to reuse gadgets, risking your well being.
    Syringes are low-cost gadgets, and stocking up is easy, so you might have more than enough to last a long time.
    Injecting steroids for the very first time is a daunting task for nearly anybody who has
    accomplished it. Even essentially the most seasoned execs can in all probability assume back to their first injection. The above examples are a guide solely, and
    customers are encouraged to formulate their cycle plan, together with modifying dosages
    and the cycle length inside their consolation limits.
    On the other hand, Masteron does have some androgenic downsides, so hair loss and possible
    prostate growth can be issues, especially when using Masteron for a longer term.

    Your metabolism will affect the half-life of a steroid, however not
    to the extent of the opposite factors above. Your life will have an effect on the metabolism of oral steroids,
    which can naturally differ between individuals.

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