Pendekatan Analisis Data dalam Penelitian Kualitatif Kuantitatif: Teknik dan Tahapannya

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Penelitian kualitatif berfokus pada pemahaman mendalam tentang fenomena sosial melalui data naratif yang diperoleh dari wawancara, observasi, atau dokumen. Analisis data kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan interpretatif, berbeda dari penelitian kuantitatif yang mengutamakan angka.

Teknik-teknik Analisis Data Kualitatif:

  1. Analisis Tematik : Menyusun tema dari data melalui tahap familiarisasi, pengodean, pencarian, peninjauan, dan penamaan tema, lalu melaporkannya dalam narasi yang mendalam.
  2. Grounded Theory  Mengembangkan teori dari data melalui pengodean terbuka, aksial, dan selektif, hingga tercipta teori yang ‘berakar’ pada data.
  3. Analisis Isi  Menganalisis pola atau tema dalam teks melalui pengodean, kategorisasi, dan interpretasi konteks data.
  4. Analisis Fenomenologi Memahami pengalaman subjektif individu terhadap fenomena, dengan penekanan pada pengumpulan dan sintesis tema dari pengalaman tersebut.
  5. Analisis Naratif Menganalisis cerita hidup partisipan, dengan fokus pada struktur naratif dan makna pengalaman.
  6. Analisis Wacana Menganalisis penggunaan bahasa dalam konteks sosial dan politik untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara bahasa dan kekuasaan.
  7. TEKNIK DATA KUALITATIF

Penelitian kualitatif bertujuan untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang fenomena sosial, budaya, atau perilaku manusia dengan menggunakan data naratif seperti wawancara dan observasi. Analisis data dalam penelitian kualitatif berfokus pada penafsiran makna  informasi yang kompleks, dibandingkan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif yang  berfokus pada statistik dan angka.

Penelitian kualitatif berfokus pada eksplorasi mendalam terhadap fenomena sosial atau budaya, dan data yang dikumpulkan biasanya berupa teks atau narasi yang diperoleh dari wawancara, observasi, atau dokumen. Tujuan utamanya adalah memahami makna, pola, dan hubungan di balik data yang kompleks

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Penelitian kuantitatif fokus pada pengumpulan dan analisis data numerik dengan tujuan menguji hipotesis melalui berbagai teknik statistik.

KUANTITATIF

Sedangkan di sini mari kita bahas analisis data penelitian kuantitatif. Apa itu penelitian kuantitatif? Penelitian kuantitatif bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data numerik guna menjawab pertanyaan penelitian yang dapat diukur secara spesifik. Melalui teknik statistik, analisis kuantitatif yang mengeksplorasi hubungan, perbedaan, dan pola dalam data untuk menguji hipotesis. Artikel ini menguraikan berbagai teknik analisis kuantitatif secara sistematis.

Teknik-teknik Analisis Data Kuantitatif:

  1. Statistik Deskriptif: Digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik dasar data, seperti rata-rata, median, modus, dan standar deviasi. Teknik ini membantu merangkum data dengan jelas.
  2. Analisis Korelasi: Menentukan sejauh mana hubungan antara dua variabel, misalnya melalui koefisien korelasi Pearson.
  3. Analisis Regresi: Digunakan untuk memprediksi nilai variabel dependen berdasarkan variabel independen, melalui model regresi linier sederhana.
  4. Uji T (T-Test): Membandingkan rata-rata dua kelompok untuk menentukan apakah perbedaan signifikan secara statistik.
  5. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance): Membandingkan rata-rata lebih dari dua kelompok untuk menentukan efek variabel independen pada variabel dependen.
  6. Chi-Square Test: Menguji hubungan antara dua variabel kategori untuk melihat apakah distribusi yang diamati signifikan.

Teknik-teknik ini digunakan untuk menganalisis dan menguji data secara statistik dalam berbagai penelitian kuantitatif. (RESUME 20% dari materi yang bapak jelaskan ).

  • Teknik Data Kuanntatif
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Teknik analisis data kuantitatif melibatkan berbagai metode statistik yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis atau menjawab pertanyaan penelitian berdasarkan data numerik. Contoh pertama adalah statistik deskriptif, yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan data seperti distribusi frekuensi, rata-rata, median, modus, serta standar deviasi. Misalnya, jika peneliti mengumpulkan data tinggi badan dari 100 siswa, statistik deskriptif akan menghitung rata-rata tinggi badan serta standar deviasi untuk menunjukkan penyebaran data di sekitar rata-rata.

KESIMPULAN

Kesimpulan dari teknik analisis data dalam penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa kedua pendekatan ini memiliki karakteristik dan tujuan yang berbeda dalam memahami fenomena yang diteliti. Penelitian kualitatif lebih fokus pada pemahaman mendalam tentang pengalaman, makna, dan pola sosial melalui data naratif. Teknik seperti analisis tematik, grounded theory, analisis isi, fenomenologi, naratif, dan wacana digunakan untuk menggali esensi dan makna di balik fenomena sosial yang kompleks. Pendekatan ini lebih bersifat induktif dan eksploratif.

Secara keseluruhan, kedua pendekatan ini memberikan wawasan yang berbeda namun saling melengkapi dalam penelitian sosial, dengan kualitatif memberikan pemahaman mendalam, dan kuantitatif menawarkan analisis yang dapat diukur dan diuji secara statistik.

Mohamad Fatwa Gelarsyah

Saya Mohamad Fatwa Gelarsyah dengan Nim H.2210640 fakultas agama islam dan pendidikan guru sekolah dasar di Universitas Djuanda Bogor

This Post Has 1,896 Comments

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    This means while estrogen conversion can certainly occur with this steroid, unwanted facet effects are not assured.
    Dianabol will kick in sooner than NPP can, and it’ll
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    Needless to say, Nandrolone has confirmed invaluable to bodybuilders for near 60
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    Testosterone is the natural hormone that anabolic steroids goal to imitate.
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    References:

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